Introduction: The Law And The Prophets

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Introduction to The Law and the Prophets: Understanding Jesus' Reference

In the New Testament, Jesus Christ frequently referred to the "Law and the Prophets." This phrase, also known as the "Torah and the Nebi'im," encompasses a significant portion of the Hebrew Bible. To comprehend Jesus' teachings and the context in which He spoke, it's essential to understand what He meant by "Law and the Prophets."

The Law 

The "Law" refers to the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, also known as the Torah or the Pentateuch. These books – Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy – contain the core teachings and instructions of the Jewish faith. The Law provides the foundation for the Jewish covenant with God, outlining the terms of their relationship and the expectations for their behavior.

The Law covers various aspects of Jewish life, including:

1. Worship and Rituals: Instructions for sacrifices, offerings, and festivals.

2. Moral Code: Teachings on ethics, morality, and social justice.

3. Civil Laws: Guidelines for governing the community, including laws related to property, marriage, and crime.

The Prophets

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The "Prophets" refer to the second major section of the Hebrew Bible, which includes the books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Prophets. These books contain the history of Israel, the messages of the prophets, and the promises of God's redemption.

The Prophets can be divided into two categories:

1. Former Prophets: Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings, which provide a historical account of Israel's history.

2. Latter Prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Prophets, which contain prophetic messages, warnings, and promises.

Jesus' Reference to Law and Prophets

Jesus often referred to the Law and Prophets in His teachings. For example:

1. Matthew 5:17: "Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them."

2. Matthew 7:12: "So in everything, do to others what you would have them do to you, for this sums up the Law and the Prophets."

3. Luke 24:44: "He said to them, 'This is what I told you while I was still with you: Everything must be fulfilled that is written about me in the Law of Moses, the Prophets and the Psalms.'"

In these references, Jesus emphasizes the importance of the Law and Prophets, while also highlighting His role as the fulfillment of these scriptures.

Conclusion

The phrase "Law and Prophets" is a fundamental concept in understanding Jesus' teachings and the Hebrew Bible. 

The Law provides the foundation for the Jewish covenant with God, while the Prophets contain the history of Israel, prophetic messages, and promises of redemption. 

By recognizing the significance of the Law and Prophets, we can deepen our understanding of Jesus' teachings and the biblical context in which He spoke.